The
lively city of Bitlis, an important center of
tobacco production, stands in the middle of a
green oasis. The city's architecture uses the
local dark stone, and the masonry monuments
include the Serefhan Medrese, the 12th-century
Ulu Mosque, the Seljuk Gokmeydani Mosque, and
the Ottoman Serefiye Mosque. Bitlis Ski center
is close to the town's center. From Tatvan on
the western shore of Lake Van, you can take a
passenger and train ferry across thewater to
Van. Nemrut Dagi (Mount Nemrut) makes a
challenging climb. In its center a deep crater
lake bubbles with volcanic hot springs.
The ruins of Ahlat, 44 km north of Tatvan on
the west shore of Lake Van, once an important
city of Turkish art and culture, are scattered
today
among
more recent constructions. In the 12th century
this city was the capital of the Turkish state
that ruled the Van Basin. Several mausoleums,
notably the Ulu Kumbet, the Bayindir Kumbet,
the Hasan Pasha Kumbet and the Cifte Kumbets
offer a comprehensive overview of Seljuk
funerary architecture and decoration. In the
Seljuk cemetry are beautifully inscribed
monumental tombstones from the 12th century.
The Turkish Art Museum houses a collection of
ceramics, ancient coins and jewelry. Modern
Ahlat provides lakeside tourist accomodation,
beach facilities and restaurants. As
you drive around the lake you come to
Adilcevaz, where the Ulu Mosque, built of the
region's dark volcanic stone, stands on the
lake shore. Ten kilometers west of Adilcevaz
is Kef castle, and the nearby Urartian temple
of Haldi dates from the ninth century B.C.
Artifacts from this site can be seen in the
Museum of Anatolian Civilizations in Ankara.
The Adilcevaz High School garden displayssome
of the column bases.